WAYANAD "God's OWn DisTrict" In KERALA

LAND OF SPICY HILLS Wayanad District, in the north-east of Kerala , India , was formed on November 1 , 1980 as the 12th district, carved out of Kozhikode and Kannur districts. The etymology of the word Wayanad is Vayal (paddy) Naad (land); 'Land of Paddy Fields'. There are many indigeneous tribals in this area. It is set lofty on the majestic Western Ghats with altitudes ranging from 700 to 2100 Metres above mean sea level.      IMPORTANT TOURSIT PLACES Entrance to Wayanad from Calicut with Lofty peaks, gurgling streams and luxuriant forests add magic to the journey up the winding roads to this hill station. The temple is dedicated to the mother goddess manifest in the three principal forms of Vana Durga, Bhadrakali and Jala Durga.The two week long festival in February/March is a major event attended by thousands of people. The memorial of  The Lion of Kerala  Veera Pazhassi Raja, who organised the guerilla warfare against the British East India Company, is situated at Mananthavady. Chembra Peak:  The hills, rocks and valleys which contribute to the very unique character of Wayanad provide a lot for adventure tourism. Trekking to the Chembra peak is a risky mountaineering endeavour. Chembra peak, the highest hill in Wayanad, is near Meppady town. Trekking to the top of this peak takes almost a day. Tourists can also stay one or two days at the top of the peak in temporary camps. District Tourism Promotion Council provides guides, sleeping bags, canvases, huts and trekking implements on hire. The scenic beauty of Wayanad, which is visible from the top of Chambra, is very exhilerating. Edakkal Cave: This location of breathtaking beauty is three kilometres from Ambalavayal which is 25 kilometres from Kalpetta. The Edakkal cave in the Ambukuthy mountain, is not a cave in the real sense. As stated in the India Antiquary (Vol.XXX, page - 410) and quoted in the District Gazette, Kozhikode, it is only'a cleft about 96ft. long and 22ft wide in the rock'. It is a fissure made by a corner of rock splitting off from the main body due to some natural causes. The depth of both the cleft and the fissure is 30 ft. What makes it a cave to the ordinary observer is the fact that in the other portion of the large cleft, an enormous rock, weighing several tonnes, has fallen forming a roof over a large part of it. The rock wall contains some interesting carvings, which represent human and animal figures and objects of human use and symbols. These carvings speak of a highly civilized people of pre-historic age and inspires the archaeologists and historians to rewrite the history of Wayanad and Kerala as a whole. Kuruva Island: The Kuruva island, 950 acres of ever green forest on the tributaries of east flowing river Kabani, is an ideal picnic spot, far away from the disturbances of city life. The island is uninhabited. Rare species of birds, orchids and herbs are the sovereigns of this supernal kingdom. It is 17 Kms. east of Mananthavady and 40 kms. north west of Sulthan Bathery. Lakkidi: One of the highest locations in Wayanad, Lakkidi also commands a picturesque scenery. It is about 58 kms. north east of Kozhikode and five kms. south of Vythiri. Lakkidi, the gate way of Wayanad, lies atop Thamarassery, a ghat pass at an elevation of 700 m. above mean sea level.The lofty mountain peaks, the gurging stream, luxuriant vegetation and the bird's eye view of the deep valley on the south, with its winding roads, are breath taking. The 12 kms.long journey from Adivaram to Lakkidi through ghat road with nine hairpin bends amidst thick forests, is a fascinating experience. Muthanga Wild Life Sanctuary: Muthanga, Which is 16 kms. east of Sulthan Bathery, is located very near to the Karnadaka border. Wild forests covering an area of 345 sq.kms form the Muthanga wild life sanctuary; the biggest abode of wild animals in Malabar. Elephant, spotted deer, bison, tiger, cheeta, wild bear, etc. are found in this sanctuary. The forest Department has facilities for providing elephant rides to tourists, here. Pakshipathalam: Pakshipathalam in the Brahmagiri hills at Thirunelli, is a challenging tourist spot for any adventure seeking tourist. To reach Pakshipathalam seventeen kilometres have to be covered through wild forest. The deep rock caves, formed among the thick blocks of rocks at the northern top end of the Brahmagiri, are the abode of various birds and wild beasts. Special permission has to be obtained from Forest Department to go to Pakshipathalam. District Tourism Promotion Council arranges vehicle, guides, camping equipments, etc. to the tourists, on hire. Pazhassi Raja Tomb: Pazhassi Tourist Resort at Mananthavady is a good picnic centre in north Wayanad. There is a good aquarium here. Coin-operated toys for children and boating facilities for tourists are available here. Pazhassi Raja, the Lion of Kerala, who organised guerilla type warfare against British East India Company, was cremated here in 1805. Pookot Lake: It is a natural fresh water lake, brimmed with ever green mountains. The weather here is salacious; the scenic beauty, hypnotising and the nature, unspoiled. Pookot lake tourist resort in Vythiri is the most sought after tourist spot of Wayanad. There is an aquarium and a green house here. Boating facilities are also available. Spices and handicraft items are also arranged for sale at Pookot. The lake has an area of 8.5ha. and the maximum water depth is 6.5mtrs. This lake is three kms.south of Vythiri. Sentinel Rock Waterfalls: This waterfall is at Vellarimala village near Chooralmala in Meppadi panchayat. It is a picnic spot as well as a trekking centre. The sentinel rock, a rock of more than 200 m.in height, is ideal for rock climbing. Kanthanpara Waterfalls: Relatively smaller than Sentinal Rock Waterfall and rather less frequented, Kanthanpara and its surroundings are nonetheless very pleasant. An easy hike away from the main road, it is perfect for picnic Soochippara Waterfalls: The waterfalls at Soochippara near Meppadi is really a treasure of nature, yet to be discovered. The stretches of waterfalls ranging at places from 100 to 300 feet height is a treat to the eyes. The pool below, provides for water rafting, swimming, bathing,etc. The tree top huts at Soochippara give an unique view of the valleys of the Western Ghats and the glimmering shallow waters of the surrounding springs. Banasura sagar Dam: This is the largest earth dam in India. The topography here is such that many islands will be formed in the upstream of the dam when the dam is full. These islands with the background of the Banasura hill will provide a hypnotising sight to tourists. THIRUNELLY TEMPLE                                               A SHORT HISTORY Comprising an area of 2,132 sq. kilometres, Wayanad has a powerful history. Historians are of the view that organised human life existed in these parts, at least ten centuries before Christ. Countless evidences about New Stone Age civilisation can be seen on the hills of Wayanad. The two caves of Ampukuthimala located between Sulthan Bathery and Ambalavayal, with pictures on their walls and pictorial writings,  speak volumes of the bygone era and civilisation. Recorded history of this district is available from the 18th century. In ancient times, this land was ruled by the Rajas of the Veda tribe. In later days, Wayanad came under the rule of the Pazhassi Rajahs of Kottayam royal dynasty. When Hyder Ali becames the ruler of Mysore, he invaded Wayanad and brought it under his sway. In the days of Tipu, Wayanad was restored to the Kottayam royal dynasty. But Tipu handed over the entire Malabar region to the British, after the Sreerangapattanam truce, he made with them. This was followed by fierce and internecine encounters between the British and Kerala Varma Pazhassi Rajah of Kottayam. When the Rajah was driven to the wilderness of Wayanad, he organised the war-like Kurichiya tribals into a sort of people's militia and engaged the British in several guerrilla type encounters. In the end, the British could get only the dead body of the Rajah, who killed himself somewhere in the interior of the forest. Thus, Wayanad fell into the hands of the British and with it came a new turn in the Home of this area. The British authorities opened up the plateau for cultivation of tea and other cash crops. Roads were laid across the dangerous slopes of Wayanad, from Kozhikode and Thalassery. These roads were extended to the cities of Mysore and Ooty through Gudalur. Through the roads poured in settlers from all parts of Kerala and the virgin forest lands proved a veritable goldmine with incredible yields of cash crops. When the State of Kerala came into being in November 1956, Wayanad was part of Kannur district. Later, south Wayanad was added to Kozhikode district. In order to fulfil the aspirations of the people of Wayanad for development, north Wayanad and South Wayanad were carved out and joined together to form the present district of Wayanad. This district came into being on November 1, 1980 as the 12 district of Kerala. CLIMATE Wayanad has a salubrious climate. The mean average rain fall in this district is 2322 m.m. Lakkidi, Vythiri and Meppadi are the high rainfall areas in Wayanad. Annual rain fall in these high rain fall areas ranges from 3,000 to 4,000m.m. High velocity winds are common during the south west monsoon and dry winds blow in March-April. High altitude regions experience severe cold. In Wayanad (Ambalavayal) the mean maximum and minimum temperature for the last five years were 29oC and 18oC respectively. This place experiences a high relative humidity which goes even up to 95 per cent during the south west monsoon period. Generally, the year is classifed into four seasons, namely, cold weather (December-February), hot weather (March-May), south west monsoon (June-September) and north east monsoon(October-November). The dale, 'Lakkidi', nestled among the hills of Vythiri taluk has the highest average rainfall in Kerala. The average rain fall in Wayanad is 300mm. per year. There is a decreasing trend in rainfall in this area. The average rainfall data shows that the lowest rain fall received from north east monsson, is in Wayanad district. RIVERS Kabani river, one of the three east flowing rivers of Kerala, is an important tributary of the river Cauvery. Kabani and its tributaries constitute a powerful river system in the land scape of Wayanad. Panamaram rivulet takes its origin from the perennial lake called, 'Pookode lake'. It flows swiftly through mountain gorges and joined by other streams, tumbles down into Panamaram valley. Six kilometres further from Panamaram, this river joins with the Mananthavady rivulet, originating from the lower regions of the peak 'Thondarmudi'. From this confluence onwards, the river is known as Kabani, a mighty, perennial river which after entering Karnadaka State, joins with the river Cauvery. Almost entire Wayanad is drained by the Kabani river and its tributaries, namely, Panamaram river, Mananthavady river and Thirunelli river.

KERALA FOOD RECIPES

1.KERALA KARIMEEN FRY (PEARL SPOTTED FISH FRY)

Ingredients

Karimeen, cleaned and slit – 4 nos
Dry red chillies – 10 gms
Turmeric Powder – 1/2 tsp
Pepper – 5 to 6
Red onions – 5 (small ones)
Garlic – 5 cloves
Oil – As required
Salt to taste
Curry leaves
Lemon

Directions

Smear the fish with some lime juice and keep for some time. Mix the dried chillies, turmeric powder, pepper, onion, garlic and salt and grind it to a fine paste. Smear this paste on the fish and keep it for an hour. Add some oil in a frying pan and fry the fish on both the sides over a low flame. Once fried, remove the fish from the pan. Before serving, decorate it with curry leaves and lemon.

2.PULISSERRY

Pulisserry can be served next to sambar in ONASADYA.instead of pineapple chunks we can add riped mango or banana..

Ingredients

Pineapple chunks -10 Oz.
Yogurt -4 cups
Turmeric powder -3/4 tsp.
Salt -1 tsp.
Red chili powder -1/4 tsp.
Cumin powder -1 tsp
Water -2 cups
Curry leaves -1 stem
Red chilies -2 no
Mustard seed -1 tsp.
Fenugreek seeds
Oil for seasoning 

Directions

Cook pineapple in water with salt and turmeric powder until tender. Add cumin powder while cooking. Reduce water to about 1 cup. Turn the heat to very low. Add the yogurt to the mixture. Mix well and turn the heat off.
Season with oil, mustard seed, red chili, fenugreek seed and curry leaves.

3.PUTTU

Kerala special breakfast

Ingredients

Two cups rice powder
Half cup grated coconut
Water as required
Salt to taste

Directions

Take a Puttu vessel add water in it and heat it. Take some grated cocunut and spread it at the bottom of the cylindrical portion (puttu kutti) of the puttu vessel. Then fill this container to half its capacity with wet rice powder and again spread some cocunut grating and add wet rice powder. Steam cook this mixture with a covered lid for 5 to 8 minutes and remove the contents to a plate and serve it with bananas or papad.

4.AUTHENTIC KERALA STYLE FISH CURRY

Well cooked fish in spicy and delicious tamarind and cocunut gravy.

Ingredients

Fish (King Fish/Ney meen/Vanjiram) – 500 gms
Tamarind – one big lemon size
Mustard – 1 tsp
Fenugreek – half tsp
Garlic pods – 6
Ginger – one medium piece
Green chillies – 5
Onion – big – 1
Curry Leaves – a few
Turmeric powder – half tsp
Chilli powder – 3 tsp
Coriander powder – 2 tsp
Cocunut – one half of a small one
Oil – 2 tbsp
Salt – to taste

Directions

Clean and cut fish into half inch thick slices. Soak tamarind in water for half an hour, squeeze the juice out and keep aside. Heat oil in a kadai and splutter mustard and fenugreek seeds, add finely chopped ginger and garlic and sauté for a minute. Now add curry leaves and then green chillies and onion both cut into lengthy strips and fry for a minute. Add turmeric, chilli and coriander powders and sauté for a minute. Add tamarind juice and salt. Let the mixture boil for about 5 mins. Add the fish pieces and cook for 5 – 6 mins. Finally add the coconut paste, adjust salt and let it just come to a boil and switch off the stove. Your yummy fish curry is now ready, serve it hot!

5CHICKEN CURRY MALABAR

A malabar style chicken curry

Ingredients

Chicken - 800 gm
Coriander seeds - 10 gms
Red Chillies - 5 gms
Pepper corns - 5 gms
Turmeric - 3 gms
Cinnamon - 2 gms
Cardamom - 2 gms
Cloves - 2 gms
Ghee - 15 ml
Coconut oil - 15 ml
Mustard seeds - 1 pinch
Salt to taste
Onions - 225 gms
Coconut - 1
Potato - 500 gms
Curry leaves - 2 sprigs
Ginger - 5 gms

Directions

Clean and cut chicken into even pieces.
Roast and grind corriander seeds, red chillies, pepper corns, termeric 3/4th of cinamon, cardamon, cloves.
Slice onions, ginger and quarter potatoes.
Grate coconut and make 3 extract of coconut milk.
Heat ghee and oil, add mustard seeds and sliced onions and ginger.
Add ground masala, chicken pieces and curry leaves.
Saute for 5 mins, add salt, cover and cook on slow fire.
Add third extract of coconut milk bring it to boil and remove.
When potatoes are cooked, add second extract and cook till gravy is thick.
Heat ghee and temper with sliced onions, crushed cinnamon and cloves and pour over the curry. Mix well and serve hot.

6.PAAL PAYASAM

A healthy and tasty sweet dish

Ingredients

Raw rice - ½ cup
Almonds - few
Pistachio - few
Milk - 2 ltrs
Sweetened condensed milk - 1/2 tin
Cardamom powder- 1/2 tsp
Saffron - a pinch

Directions

Wash and soak rice in water for `1 hour. Drain and crush with your hands so that the grain break into small pieces. Soak almonds and pistachio in hot water for 1/2 hour. Drain, peel and cut into thin slices. Add milk and water to a thick bottom pan. Bring to boil add rice and reduce the heat to low medium and cook, stirring frequently,
till milk is reduced by half and rice is done.
Add sugar and mix well and remove from flame. Garnish with almonds and Pistachio.
Serve warm.

7.BANANA CHIPS (KAYA VARUTHATHU)

Crisp banana chips...without which any ona sadhya is incomplete..

Ingredients

Semi ripe bananas - 250 gms
Coconut oil - 250 ml
Turmeric powder - ½ tsp
Salt - to taste

Directions

Peel banana and slice into thin round pieces.
Heat oil and fry the banana pieces. When it is 3/4 done, add turmeric powder and salt mixed in 1 tsp water. Fry well.

8.OATS DOSA

Oats is considered to be a healthy cereal and is often treated as a health food. This recipe helps you to make a tasty Oats dish - Oats Dosa

Ingredients

1) 2 cups oats
2) 2 tbsp rice
3) Buttermilk/Yogurt (enough to soak and cover the oats)
4) 2 green chillies- chopped
5) A pinch of asafoetida
6) Water as required
7) 2 tsp finely chopped coriander
8) 1 tsp cumin seeds (optional)
9) Salt to taste

Directions

1) Add the rice and oats into a bowl. Add buttermilk or yogurt to this and allow it to soak for 20 minutes.
2) Pour the above mixture into a mixer and grind well.
3) Add ingredients 2-9 to get the dosa batter consistency.
4) Heat the tava and start making dosa.
Healthy oats dosa is ready for breakfast and you can savour it with coriander chutney.

8.COCONUT CHUTNEY

very tasty with Dosa, Idly, Appam

Ingredients

Coconut - 1/2 piece
Small onion - 10 pieces
Green chilly - 2 large
Mustard seeds - As required
Urad Dal - 1/2 tspn
Curry Leaves
Salt
Coconut oil

Directions

Grind Small onion, Green chilly and water to a fine paste
Then add coconut.. and grind again........
Do not grind till the coconut becomes paste...
Heat oil in a pan... add mustard seeds, urad dal, curry leaves... then add the grinded mix to the pan... add salt.. and boil for one minute......
Tasty coconut chutney is ready...........
You can have it with Dosa, Idly, Appam

9.POORI

Poori is another common breakfast item in India. This recipe help you prepare tasty poori. Try it out.

Ingredients

Atta - 400 gms
Oil - 1 dsp
Fat - 30 gms
Salt to taste
Water

Directions

Sieve the atta. Add oil to flour. Add salt and enough water to make a stiff dough. Keep the dough for atleast 1 hour. Knead well with oiled hands. Make balls and then roll out to 2 mm thickness and 3 to 4 inch diameter.
Fry pooris gently pressing down with a flat spoon in a circular motion. When puffed up, turn over till it becomes lightly brown on both sides. Drain on paper and serve hot..

NB. Small amount of melted ghee or gingelly oil may be mixed with the flour before preparing dough to get richer poories.

CaN YoU tEL Us WhAt iS LoVe...

wOrld TELephOne CODeS

Zone 1

North America

+1	Canada	+1	United States
+1 (242)	Bahamas	+1 (246)	Barbados
+1 (264)	Anguilla	+1 (268)	Antigua and Barbuda
+1 (284)	British Virgin Islands	+1 (340)	U.S. Virgin Islands
+1 (345)	Cayman Islands	+1 (441)	Bermuda
+1 (473)	Grenada/Carricou	+1 (649)	Turks and Caicos
+1 (664)	Montserrat	+1 (670)	Northern Marianas
+1 (671)	Guam	+1 (684)	American Samoa
+1 (721)	Sint Maarten	+1 (758)	St Lucia
+1 (767)	Dominica	+1 (784)	St Vincent and the Grenadines
+1 (787)	Puerto Rico	+1 (809)	Dominican Republic
+1 (829)	Dominican Republic	+1 (849)	Dominican Republic
+1 (868)	Trinidad and Tobago	+1 (869)	St Kitts and Nevis
+1 (876)	Jamaica	+1 (939)	Puerto Rico

Includes Canada, Caribbean countries, USA and its various territories.

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Zone 2

Africa

+20	Egypt	+210	Unused: reserved for Morocco
+211	Unused: reserved for Morocco	+212	Morocco
+213	Algeria	+214	Unused: reserved for Algeria
+215	Unused: reserved for Algeria	+216	Tunisia
+217	Unused: reserved for Tunisia	+218	Libya
+219	Unused: reserved for Libya	+220	Gambia
+221	Senegal	+222	Mauritania
+223	Mali	+224	Guinea
+225	Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)	+226	Burkina Faso
+227	Niger	+228	Togolese Republic
+229	Benin	+230	Mauritius
+231	Liberia	+232	Sierra Leone
+233	Ghana	+234	Nigeria
+235	Chad	+236	Central African Republic
+237	Cameroon	+238	Cape Verde
+239	Sao Tome and Principe	+240	Equatorial Guinea
+241	Gabon	+242	Congo (Brazzaville)
+243	Congo (Kinshasa, formerly Zaire)	+244	Angola
+245	Guinea-Bissau	+246	Diego-Garcia
+247	Ascension	+248	Seychelles
+249	Sudan	+250	Rwanda
+251	Ethiopia	+252	Somalia
+253	Djibouti	+254	Kenya
+255	Tanzania	+256	Uganda
+257	Burundi	+258	Mozambique
+259	Unassigned: see Zanzibar,Tanzania	+260	Zambia
+261	Madagascar	+262	Mayotte and Reunion
+263	Zimbabwe	+264	Namibia
+265	Malawi	+266	Lesotho
+267	Botswana	+268	Swaziland
+269	Comoros	+27	South Africa
+28x	Unassigned	+290	St Helena and Tristan da Cunha
+291	Eritrea	+292	Unassigned
+293	Unassigned	+294	Unassigned
+295	Discontinued: see San Marino	+296	Unassigned: seeTrinidad/Tobago
+297	Aruba	+298	Faroe Islands
+299	Greenland

Some country codes in World Zone 2 are not in Africa. Aruba (+297) is near the South American continent, but there are no spare codes available in World Zone 5. A free code from World Zone 2 seemed to be the next best choice.

Faroe Islands (+298) and Greenland (+299) are in the northern Atlantic, between North America and Europe. But for many years, there were no available country code assignments in the traditional European zones (World Zones 3 and 4). However, due to political upheavals such as the post-Soviet era national breakups, several codes have since become available in World Zones 3 and 4. There is no indication that these nations will be changing country codes, however.

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Zone 3

Europe

+30	Greece	+31	Netherlands
+32	Belgium	+33	France
+34	Spain	+350	Gibraltar
+351	Portugal	+352	Luxembourg
+353	Ireland	+354	Iceland
+355	Albania	+356	Malta
+357	Cyprus	+358	Finland
+359	Bulgaria	+36	Hungary
+37	Discontinued: see Germany	+370	Lithuania
+371	Latvia	+372	Estonia
+373	Moldova	+374	Armenia
+375	Belarus	+376	Andorra
+377	Monaco	+378	San Marino
+379	Vatican City	+38	Discontinued: see Yugoslavia
+380	Ukraine	+381	Serbia
+382	Montenegro	+383	Unassigned
+384	Unassigned	+385	Croatia
+386	Slovenia	+387	Bosnia and Hercegovina
+388	European Telephony Numbering Space	+389	Macedonia
+39	Italy

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Zone 4

Europe

+40	Romania	+41	Switzerland
+42	Discontinued: see Czech Republic (+420) and Slovakia (+421)	+420	Czech Republic
+421	Slovakia	+422	Unassigned
+423	Liechtenstein	+424	Unassigned
+425	Unassigned	+426	Unassigned
+427	Unassigned	+428	Unassigned
+429	Unassigned	+43	Austria
+44	United Kingdom	+45	Denmark
+46	Sweden	+47	Norway
+48	Poland	+49	Germany

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Zone 5

South/Latin America

+500	Falkland Islands	+501	Belize
+502	Guatemala	+503	El Salvador
+504	Honduras	+505	Nicaragua
+506	Costa Rica	+507	Panama
+508	St Pierre and Miquelon	+509	Haiti
+51	Peru	+52	Mexico
+53	Cuba	+54	Argentina
+55	Brazil	+56	Chile
+57	Colombia	+58	Venezuela
+590	French Antilles (Guadeloupe, etc.)	+591	Bolivia
+592	Guyana	+593	Ecuador
+594	French Guiana	+595	Paraguay
+596	Martinique	+597	Suriname
+598	Uruguay	+599	Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, Saint Eustatius (former Netherlands Antilles)

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Zone 6

South Pacific/Oceania

+60	Malaysia	+61	Australia
+62	Indonesia	+63	Philippines
+64	New Zealand	+65	Singapore
+66	Thailand	+670	East Timor
+671	Discontinued: see Guam	+672	Australian External Territories
+673	Brunei Darussalm	+674	Nauru
+675	Papua New Guinea	+676	Tonga
+677	Solomon Islands	+678	Vanuatu
+679	Fiji Islands	+680	Palau
+681	Wallis and Futuna	+682	Cook Islands
+683	Niue Island	+684	Discontinued, see American Samoa
+685	Samoa	+686	Kiribati, Gilbert Is
+687	New Caledonia	+688	Tuvalu
+689	French Polynesia	+690	Tokelau
+691	Micronesia	+692	Marshall Islands
+693	Unassigned	+694	Unassigned
+695	Unassigned	+696	Unassigned
+697	Unassigned	+698	Unassigned
+699	Unassigned

+670 was once assigned to Northern Marianas until it joined the North American Numbering Plan. The code was since reassigned to East Timor.

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Zone 7

Russia and vicinity (former USSR)

+7

Kazakhstan

+7

Russia

Country code 7 was established during the years of the USSR. Since its dissolution, most of the republics under the former territory have established their own country codes throughout the 1990s.

Kazakhstan continues to share +7 with Russia for the time being; there are no known plans for another country code assignment for Kazakhstan at this update, although +990, +997 and +999 are likely candidates for such an assignment.

For a list of nations formerly under +7, see the Soviet Breakup section.

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Zone 8

East Asia, Special Services

+800	International Freephone	+801	Unassigned
+802	Unassigned	+803	Unassigned
+804	Unassigned	+805	Unassigned
+806	Unassigned	+807	Unassigned
+808	Shared Cost Services	+809	Unassigned
+81	Japan	+82	South Korea
+83x	Unassigned	+84	Vietnam
+850	North Korea	+851	Unassigned
+852	Hong Kong	+853	Macao
+854	Unassigned	+855	Cambodia
+856	Laos	+857	Unassigned
+858	Unassigned	+859	Unassigned
+86	China	+870	Inmarsat "SNAC" service
+871	Inmarsat (Atlantic East)	+872	Inmarsat (Pacific)
+873	Inmarsat (Indian)	+874	Inmarsat (Atlantic West)
+875	Unassigned: reserved for Maritime Mobile	+876	Unassigned: reserved for Maritime Mobile
+877	Unassigned: reserved for Maritime Mobile	+878	Universal Personal Telecommunications
+879	Reserved: national mobile/maritime uses	+880	Bangladesh
+881	Global Mobile Satellite System	+882	International Networks
+883	International Networks	+884	Unassigned
+885	Unassigned	+886	Taiwan
+887	Unassigned	+888	Telecommunications for Disaster Relief
+889	Unassigned	+89x	Unassigned

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Zone 9

West and South Asia, Middle East

+90	Turkey	+91	India
+92	Pakistan	+93	Afghanistan
+94	Sri Lanka	+95	Burma (Myanmar)
+960	Maldives	+961	Lebanon
+962	Jordan	+963	Syria
+964	Iraq	+965	Kuwait
+966	Saudi Arabia	+967	Yemen
+968	Oman	+969	Discontinued: see Yemen
+970	Palestine	+971	United Arab Emirates
+972	Israel	+973	Bahrain
+974	Qatar	+975	Bhutan
+976	Mongolia	+977	Nepal
+978	Unassigned	+979	International Premium Rate Service
+98	Iran	+990	Unassigned
+991	ITPCS trials	+992	Tajikistan
+993	Turkmenistan	+994	Azerbaijan
+995	Georgia	+996	Kyrgyz Republic
+997	Unassigned	+998	Uzbekistan
+999	Proposed disaster relief (TDR) service

Zone 9 includes some special services: +979 International Premium Rate Service and +991 International Telecommunications Public Correspondence Service.

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